How to Use the Conditional Tense in German

The conditional tense in German is established through the subjunctive II  (past). But that is not the only way. As important as it is to learn the subjunctive II for such purposes, there are sometimes other ways to form a conditional statement, depending on your intent. The following is a listing of a few examples. Introducing a Condition With the Preposition Bei Bei schà ¶nem Wetter, gehen wir schwimmen.(When the weather is nice, we’ll go swimming.)Remember that the preposition bei is always followed by the dative. If you would use the subjunctive, the sentence would read as follows: Wenn es schà ¶nes Wetter sein sollte, dann gehen wir schwimmen. Using Wenn Use wenn plus the present tense if the condition is possible. Wenn du mà ¼de bist, leg dich hin.(If you are tired, lie down.) Wenn du Hunger hast, nimm dir ein Stà ¼ck Kuchen.(If you are hungry, you can have a piece of cake.) Use wenn plus the subjunctive II if the sentence indicates a hypothesis not realized. Wenn ich jung wà ¤re, wà ¼rde ich mir diese Schuhe kaufen.If I were young, then I would buy these shoes. Wenn wir reich wà ¤ren, wà ¼rden wir auf eine Weltreise gehen.(If we were rich, we would go on a world trip.) Use wenn plus the subjunctive II if the sentence indicates a hypothesis that was not realized in the past. Wenn er studiert hà ¤tte, wà ¼rde er gute Noten bekommen haben.(If he had studied, he would have gotten good marks.) Wenn er seine Medizin genommen hà ¤tte, wà ¼rde er jetzt gesund sein.(If he had taken his medicine, he would be healthy now.) Using Falls/im Falle When something is possible. Falls du zum Museum hingehst, vergiss nicht dein Mitgliedsausweis.(In case you go to the museum, don’t forget your membership card.) Im Falle, dass wir spà ¤t sind, will ich mir eine Ausrede denken.(In case that we are late, I want to think of an excuse.) Using Es Sei Denn, Dass (Unless)/Vorausgesetzt, Dass Geh nicht im Keller, es sei denn, dass du vorher gefragst hast.(Don’t go in the basement, unless you’ve asked beforehand.) Guck nicht im Schrank, es sei denn du willst wissen was du fà ¼r deinen Geburtstag bekommen wirst.(Don’t look in the closet, unless you want to find out what you will be getting for your birthday.) Ich komme mit, vorausgesetzt, dass deine Eltern einverstanden sind.(Im coming, only unless your parents agree.) Adverbs Sonst (Else) or Andernfalls (Otherwise) These adverbs make reference to the past that would have influenced the past, that the situation occurred. Ich bin froh, dass du mitgekommen bist, sonst hà ¤tte ich mich sehr gelangweilt haben.(I am happy that you came along, or else I would have been so bored.) Gute Sache, dass er die Suppe nicht gegessen hat, andernfalls wà ¼rde er auch krank gewesen sein.(Good thing, he didn’t eat the soup, otherwise he’d be sick too.)

Restructuring the California Death Penalty Essay - 2103 Words

The state of California is currently suffering from a state deficit so great it would seem wise to restructure the death penalty as it stands now rather than cut education programs and jobs. California is a state which supports capital punishment; it is also a state that very rarely executes it death row inmates. In the last several years, California’s public educations system has taken on enormous budget cuts due to the state revenue crisis. As political leaders gather in the senate and review the gravity of the state’s situation, political leaders should examine how restructuring the death penalty and implementing life without parole would be beneficial for the state and those residing within the state itself. Utilizing the death penalty†¦show more content†¦courses, summer school, advanced placement, special education, and other programs will be eliminated (Martinez, 2009). Not only do these cuts have an effect on K-12, they also encumber community colleges, state universities, and state colleges. At the college level tuition prices continue to climb, class availability declines, limits on new enrollments, and cutting educators. In January of 2011, Governor Jerry Brown of California proposed his budget cuts and state universities would be taking another cut of $1 billion, leaving alone elementary and secondary schools (Christie, 2011). While politicians stress education is important to improve the quality of one’s life, they also illustrate it is expendable. Upon further research into the California budget cuts, Democratic state senators are pushing through an $811 million cut from the prisons’ healthcare budget. According to the article this cut is more than half of the medical budget. They also mentioned California could save another $182 million if the governor would commute the sentences of illegal immigrants and deport them (Goldmacher, 2010). Another positive turn in the state correction policy which focuses on Cali fornia’s overcrowding issue is, beginning October 1st of this year, â€Å"counties will assume responsibility for â€Å"low-level† criminal offenders† (Graves,Show MoreRelatedImproving The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act 20101206 Words   |  5 Pageshealthcare service providers across the globe. However, in Liberia, citizens have to use their money to acquire sufficient healthcare services thus demonstrating that lack of money leads to lack of healthcare services. This subsequently leads to increased death which in real sense can be curbed. Health is a social welfare aspect since it focuses on the well-being of all individuals. Analysis of the Act The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), is commonly known as the Obama Care or the AffordableRead MoreCalifornia Prison System: Significant Budgetary Change and the Results of Those Changes2178 Words   |  9 PagesCalifornia Prison System: Significant Budgetary Change and The Results of Those Changes Objective The objective of this work is to examine the policy and political processes that led to the decision to make a significant budgetary change and what the result of those changes are. In addition this work will identify economic, social and cultural influences on that change and identify the interaction among the federal, state, and municipal levels with regard to the program. This work will examineRead MoreBusiness Strategy of Allergan Inc2426 Words   |  10 Pagesareas of specialty where the needs that have not been met are significant (Allergan Inc., 2010: p. 28). History Allergan was founded in California by Gavin S. 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However, Michigan UniversityRead MoreKraft Annual Report99993 Words   |  400 Pagesnew food law regulations; our workforce and authorities; our properties; our combination wit h Cadbury, including expected receivables, intangible assets, synergies, cost savings and integration charges; our long-term strategy; with regard to our Restructuring Program, our expected cash payments for charges and cumulative annualized savings; the Venezuelan currency devaluation; asset impairments; our legal proceedings, including environmental remedial actions; our pension plans and other employee benefitRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 PagesUnderlying sales growth excludes pandemic products, Avandia and Valtrex. See page 21. CER% represents growth at constant exchange rates. Sterling % or  £% represents growth at actual exchange rates. See page 21. The calculation of results before major restructuring is described in Note 1 to the ï ¬ nancial statements, ‘Presentation of the ï ¬ nancial statements’. GSK Annual Report 2010 01 We exist to improve the quality of human life by enabling people to do more, feel better and live longer. We workRead MoreSustaining the Innovation Process: the Case of Rolls-Royce Plc13942 Words   |  56 Pageslarger size of the fan, the greater weight of the engine, and the higher installed drag that a high by-pass ratio would entail (Cownie 1989; Pugh 2001, 105). Such a view changed, however, when â€Å"tests in the US demonstrated that the installed drag penalty of the nacelle was less than half that assumed in European studies† (Ruffles 1992, 3). As a result, the by-pass ratio of the RB178 was increased up to 8, which in turn led Rolls-Royce’s engineers to choose â€Å"a three-shaft configuration as the bestRead MoreJuvenile Crime Issues in Today’s Criminal Justice System18893 Words   |  76 Pages Many of the coming changes, however, are now discernible—and hints of what is to come appear on the horizon with increasing frequency and growing clarity. Some of the more obvious of the coming changes are already upon us. They include (1) a restructuring of the juvenile justice system in the face of growing concerns about violent juvenile crime and spreading youth gang warfare; (2) the increased bankruptcy of a war against N drugs whose promises seem increasingly hollow; (3) a growing recognition

Othello Language Free Essays

In Shakespeare’s Othello there is an immediate contrast between Iago and Othello’s language. In â€Å"Act1 scene 1† Iago’s first speech to Roderigo is of a revengeful nature and evil tone. â€Å"Despise me if I do not. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now Three great ones of the city (In personal suit to make me his lieutenant). † Iago is infuriated with Othello’s neglect of him, Shakespeare creates this foreshadow of a tragic outcome early on, but he misleads the audience into thinking that Iago’s language is justified. Furthering Iago’s support from the Elizabethans is that Othello is seen as an outsider.In Aristotle theory of poetics one of the main themes of tragedy are the aspect of awe and pity, and that the protagonist is not introduced straight away. The audience automatically feels pity for poor Iago, as he has to beg Roderigo for money and has been deprived a promotion and because Othello is not primarily introduced he has no way of proving his justification for appointing Cassio. This in the eyes of the Elizabethans makes Othello the antagonist. In â€Å"Act 1 scene 1†. Othello’s mind is poetic but simple, he is not observant.His nature tends outward. He is quite free from self examination, and is not given to reflection. Emotion gives him his imagination, but it confuses and dulls his intellect. In â€Å"Act 1 Scene 2† Shakespeare’s use of poetical linguistics limits Othello’s views on other characters â€Å"honest Iago†. One of the main contrasts of language in Othello is â€Å"Act 1 Scene 2†. This is when the audience became aware of Iago’s duplicitous nature, at the beginning of the play he speaks of his resentment filled hate â€Å"I know my price, I am worth no worse a place.But he (as loving his own pride and purposes)† but he warns Othello of Brabantio’s â€Å"bad intentions†. Shakespeare showed the transformation in Iago’s language when he was interacting with other characters. This presented the audiences growing distrust. However articulate Othello is commanding, but arrogant â€Å"Keep up your bright swords for the dew will rust them† confident in his speech, he wooed â€Å"virtuous† Desdemona with his â€Å"enchanting† war stories.Shakespeare wanted the audience to be in awe of Othello and pity evoked for Iago in â€Å"Act 1 Scene 2† allowing the audience to empathise. At this point of the play, dramatic irony sets the scene as the audience know of Iago’s â€Å"villainous† plans, but engrossed Othello has fallen under the hypnotism of love. Shakespeare’s use of language presents his obsession with â€Å"sweet† Desdemona as thereâ€Å"love is Olympus high†. â€Å"Act 1 Scene 3† How to cite Othello Language, Papers

Encoding Decoding Theory free essay sample

In the 1980’s, new audience theories saw the onset of ‘active audience’ theories, which came out of the Centre for Contemporary Critical Studies at the University of Birmingham, England. One of the major stimuli for the development of the active audience theory was British sociologist Stuart Hall’s well-known encoding/decoding model, which revolutionised the way in which audiences were regarded. Halls model highlights that although media messages are embedded with a ‘preferred reading’, audience interpretations of these texts is dependent upon the individual’s assumptions and social context. As such, this model prompted shifts towards qualitive studies of audiences thereafter. Stuart Halls seminal paper: Encoding/Decoding (1980), arose primarily from Halls reservation about the theories of communication underpinning mass communications research. Mass communications research became prevalent after the Second World War and was funded by commercial bodies wanting to know how to influence audiences more effectively through advertising. It worked on the assumption that the ‘media offered an unproblematic, benign reflection of society’. We will write a custom essay sample on Encoding Decoding Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to the mass communications model, the sender (mass media) generates a message with fixed meaning, which is then communicated directly and transparently to the recipient (audience). Halls paper challenged all three components of the mass communications model arguing that – (i) the message is never transparent to audience (ii) meaning is not simply fixed or determined by sender; and (iii) the audience is not a passive recipient of meaning. Halls encoding/decoding theory, focus’s on the different ways audiences, generate, rather than discover meaning. Halls theory encompasses a number of what Hall terms as ‘moments’ (such as circulation/distribution) but is primarily concerned with the points of production/encoding and consumption/decoding. The linearity of traditional models ie – mass communication model, is replaced by a ‘circuit’. In the circuit the sender becomes the ‘producer’ and the receiver becomes the ‘consumer’. In the past, the ‘receiver’ was seen to have passive connotations leading to the conclusion of the communication process, however Halls theory sees consumption as an active process that can reproduce the original meaning that was sent. Consumption determines production just as production determines consumption’. According to Hall, encoding is a crucial moment of entry constructed by ‘material context of production of which it occurs’. Thus, Halls encoding/decoding theory is an ‘articulated model’ of communica tion, in which the audiences understanding of the message is not guaranteed at a particular moment of the circuit. In addition to the difficulty in identifying a particular moment of understanding by the audience during the communication process, is the difficulty of understanding the ‘preferred’ reading intended for the audience by the producers. According to Hall, ‘ideology of text is not guaranteed’ (Hall,1980) however the text is certainly not free of encoded structures. ‘Texts will always be inscribed with a particular social relations who produced them’ (Hall, 1980). According to Hall, texts establish a ‘dominant cultural order’ (Hall, 1980), which imposes a ‘taken for granted’ knowledge of social structures’. (Hall, 1980) The understanding of the text by the audience is known as the ‘decoding’ stage. In order for the encoded message to formulate overall meaning and have an influence on the audience, the viewer must decode it. Although media producers ‘encode’ certain meanings into media texts, the audiences ‘decode’ meanings in accordance with their own opinions, identity, and cultural knowledge. Thus, media texts are ‘polysemic’ and can be read in a number of ways. Furthermore, Hall stresses that although texts can be understood in different ways, an unlimited number of interpretations should not be assumed. Hall suggested that there are three kinds of hypothetical, ‘hegemonic’ decoding positions for the reader of a text: dominant, negotiated and oppositional. The first decoding position is the dominant or ‘hegemonic’ reading, when the audience decodes the message in the same position within which it was encoded. The audience fully accepts and reproduces its ‘preferred reading’, which could easily be a subconscious intention on the producers part. The second position is the negotiated position. In this position the audience might accept the hegemonic viewpoint on a general level, however its meaning may be manipulated by audiences beliefs or behaviour. It is a position mixed with ‘adaptive and oppositional’ elements. The third position is the oppositional position. In this position the audience decodes message in a ‘globally contrary way’ due to identity, opinion or social situation. The audience understands the preferred reading however does not share the texts code and rather rejects this reading by substituting the text with alternative structure of reference. The three positions outlined should be understood as part of a continuum across which the audience moves, rather than separates. Once an audience takes up a position this does not mean that they reject the other positions permanently. These positions are flexible and audience views are adaptable. The positions of the audience in Halls encoding/decoding theory were pointed out by him to be hypothetical and not intended ‘as prescriptive templates for studios of actual audiences. ’ Hall established these positions to be tested and refined in a continuing process to understand audience interpretation and theories surrounding ‘active audience’. Word: 940

Company overview Essay Example

Company overview Essay The recruiting company called â€Å"Initiative†. Founded in 1991, it is a medium sized firm, which employs 15 people. The company is situated in Green Bay, WI. The main services that â€Å"Initiative† offers are: Searching for potential candidates to fill clients’ vacancies; Holding preliminary interviews with candidates; Developing HR strategy for the client (primarily for small firms or start-up enterprises with no experience); Organizing teambuilding seminars for clients. The main customers of â€Å"Initiative† are medium-size companies, which are actively developing. However, there are also several clients who represent solid well-known companies. â€Å"Initiative’s† business credo is â€Å"Experience and devotion to make you feel the difference†. Considering that the company operates in the large segment (customers are small and medium-sized firms, which are multiple in the city), the competition is very intense. Therefore, in order to survive and ensure competitive advantage, â€Å"Initiative† offers additional complimentary services such as strategic HR planning and teambuilding seminars for its clients. Moreover, there is a discount scheme for any company that worked with â€Å"Initiative† at least once. The organizational structure of the company has a matrix form. There are two general managers, 7 consultants, 4 researchers who are grouped in a team depending on the project. There are also Accountant and Assistant Accountant who work separately serving all the projects without exception. We will write a custom essay sample on Company overview specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Company overview specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Company overview specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Break-even Analysis â€Å"Initiative† is a recruiting company, which means that its core competence is to provide services – fitting clients’ needs for certain type specialists. For services companies it appears to be quite difficult to determine the break-even point, since it is hard to classify the costs and attribute them to specific revenues. However, it is important to chose an activity of the company and try to analyze it in order to find a break-even point. For â€Å"Initiative† such activity will be finding one candidate (say, financial analyst) for the customer to fit the position. The time period of search is limited to one month. The main inputs into the activity are: Time ( days); The number of people working on the project (The more people working, the more costly it is for the company); Utilities and conveniences, mainly Internet and phone connection. In this case, fixed costs for the company are salaries of employees working on the project. Variable costs are the costs of utilities and different supplementary materials (paper, pens etc.) The revenue is the amount of money (in $) â€Å"Initiative† gets for the appropriate financial analyst the client accepts. The unit of measurement is $/day (costs/days of work on the project): how costly is one day of working on the project or simply days. Obviously, the less time â€Å"Initiative’s† team spends on the project, less costly it would be in terms of variable costs. The break-even point will be when Revenue= TC (Fixed+Variable costs), where VC=VC/day*days. VC/day =95 , FC = 1800 Revenue $3500. All figures attributes to one month period. Break-even point   (days) = (Revenue – FC)/VC/day = 18 days It means that efficient for the company to complete the project is actually 18. The result is customer satisfaction and eagerness to continue cooperation with â€Å"Initiative†. The main implication: since salaries (i.e. fixed costs) remain the same, the general managers have to organize team in such a way to spend the less time possible on the project to minimize variable costs and to reach the break-even point as quickly as possible. Decision-making The decision that has been recently made by the company has to do with the necessity to improve the technical level of the company, i.e. to implement the new IT systems, which will enable â€Å"Initiative† to save time on many operations and give access to different previously unavailable information. Relevant costs associated with the decision are: The price of the IT necessary. Nowadays to stay competitive, it is important to upgrade own level using various sources. IT is one of them. However, competitive advantage â€Å"costs† a lot. Therefore, the company will have to evaluate own resources in order to make final decision wether to buy IT application or not. Possible costs = $100000 Salaries that the company will have to pay for the specialist, which will serve the new IT application once it is purchased (installation, testing, monitoring etc.) Possible costs = $6000 Non-relevant costs associated with the decision: While the new IT application will be launching, it is possible that the company will slow down its current projects (as a rule, it is needed from 2 weeks to 2 months to train personnel and get used to the innovation). Possible costs = $5000-10000 in unrealized projects In case of delay with the projects (due to system launching), the current clients can be dissatisfied. Thus, â€Å"Initiative† risks to lose customers, which will reflect on the ultimate revenue of the company and can be even more costly in terms of money (both current and future) than IT purchase and launching. Might be very costly considering possible future orders that lost customer could make. Thus, the main implication of the decision is that â€Å"Initiative† has to evaluate all the pros and cons of the IT launching in terms of money and strategic perspectives. It might be reasonable to postpone the innovation implementation until summer, which is considered to be a slow season in terms of recruiting. Treatment of allocated costs â€Å"Initiative† attributes its cost to specific project. The project means the cooperation with specific company no matter how many vacancies the latter needs to fill. For example, â€Å"Alfa Auditing Ltd.† project may include the need to fit 3 positions – accountant, receptionist, and IT specialist. This project is assigned to a team of 3 consultant and one researcher (total of four people).   Total time period is one month. The allocated costs of this project would appear as the following: Salaries of those working on the team. It is important to notice that if the project takes, for instance, 15 days (half of the month), then we can assume that the second half of the month the team could work on another project and costs associated with their work would be divided by 2. Salaries = $12000 total Utilities; It is reasonable to attribute utilities for the number of teams working simultaneously. If there are two teams working during this month, then the cost of utilities will be divided by 2. utilities = $500 Transportation (in case the meeting is held not at the â€Å"Initiative† but at another place); $200 Thus, the overall sum of allocated costs will be $12700. However, despite the allocated costs, we should also consider so-called unallocated costs or the costs that are not obvious. In â€Å"Alfa Auditing† project case the unallocated costs appear to be the following:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Time spending on finding the customer. â€Å"Alfa† is a well-known company in the region. â€Å"Initiative† had to hold multiple meetings with â€Å"Alfa’s† Chief HR to sign a deal. The time spending on this equals to the time of medium-size project completion ($15000)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Headhunting costs. In order to satisfy â€Å"Alfa† it is necessary to find a highly qualified professional for the position of Accountant, which is twice as time-consuming compared to less scale project (additional costs $1500) Thus, we can see that overall costs appear to be twice as much as the costs reported. However, it is so-called accounting method of reporting costs. Yet, it is reasonable and absolutely necessary to consider benefits from satisfying such major client as â€Å"Alfa†. Those benefits might include: Ø   Large-scale and thus price-worthy projects in future; Ø   Continuing co-operation; Ø   Possible recommendations for others to use â€Å"Initiative’s† services. Activity Based Costing Since the services of â€Å"Initiative† are mainly fitting client’s need for the appropriate candidates, the ABC will be attributed to finding specific person to fit one position in some company. The stages of the activity are the following: Making announcement and collecting resumes. Usually, it takes up to two weeks. Making preliminary phone interviews. The main cost driver here is phone connection ($200-300 per month); Holding personal interview. The main cost driver here is time spending for the interviews while selecting several needed people. As a rule, it takes 7 to 10 days. The costs at this stage are calculated as monthly salary of the consultant divided by days spending for interviews. The less day spent, the more efficient is the work of the consultant and thus less costly it is for the company, since the rest of the time after the project completion this employee can spend on another project and thus generate more revenues for the company. Presenting selected candidates for the customer. The cost driver here is also the time the customer spends on the decision-making. For instance, if the customer accepts the first presented candidate, the time spent will be 1 day. If he accepts one of the following candidates, the overall time spend should be calculated as the sum of days between presenting the first one and accepting the final candidate. The costs associated with this activity should be calculated as revenue for the project multiplied by the days of selection. For instance, the total revenue is $10000. The time limit – 20 days (10000/20=$500 day). The time spent for selection is 3 days. Thus, the total cost will be $1500. However, it is important to notice that this kind of indicator is not used in the company’s balance sheet. It is solely the criterion to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the project. In such a way, ABC of the company shows that the main cost drivers are days spending on the project. The more days are spent, the more costly it is for the company. Thus, the main implication again is that â€Å"Initiative† has to work on own efficiency. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Form the team in such a way to enable it to show the best performance possible. For instance, if the project is huge, it is reasonable to assign two instead of one researcher;  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To improve IT to speed up internal documentation processes;  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To improve the qualification of consultants (by training and seminars) in order to help them to reveal psychological and professional qualities of candidates quicker and thus spend less time on interviewing and ensure appropriate decision-making.

Free Essays on Competition

THE GOOD Competition is clearly a part of human nature. While some cultures are more competitive than others, universal elements of competition cut across many cultures. For example, competition for resources in the forms of food, jobs, living quarters, and general status in society is prevalent, to some degree, in most cultures. Furthermore, an element of score keeping is evident in the most innocent of children's games. The number of young people participating in competitive events such as athletics, 4-H contests, spelling bees, academic quiz bowls, or beauty Contests demonstrates how competition engages the youth in this country. Adults, too, compete daily both at work and at play. Some believe that the only way to achieve a competitive edge in the adult world is by engaging in as many competitive experiences as possible in childhood to gain practice. Support of competition is so strong that one political party recently included a mandate for competition through participation in 4-H activities as part of the Iowa caucus. This was a response to an attempt to recognize participation ahead of winning or losing at 4-H events, and was perceived by party leaders as promoting socialism. So competition clearly exists. Exactly how competition motivates young people, however, is much less clear. According to some studies, competition among preteens enables them to compare their skills against the skills of their peers. Competition as a means of social comparison appears to help young people find their niches. As soon as this is established, they can refine and specialize their skills. Helping young people manage the competitive demands of their lives is difficult, but not impossible. Cox (see Practice Wisdom) offers helpful strategies for designing programs in which competition enhances development.... Free Essays on Competition Free Essays on Competition THE GOOD Competition is clearly a part of human nature. While some cultures are more competitive than others, universal elements of competition cut across many cultures. For example, competition for resources in the forms of food, jobs, living quarters, and general status in society is prevalent, to some degree, in most cultures. Furthermore, an element of score keeping is evident in the most innocent of children's games. The number of young people participating in competitive events such as athletics, 4-H contests, spelling bees, academic quiz bowls, or beauty Contests demonstrates how competition engages the youth in this country. Adults, too, compete daily both at work and at play. Some believe that the only way to achieve a competitive edge in the adult world is by engaging in as many competitive experiences as possible in childhood to gain practice. Support of competition is so strong that one political party recently included a mandate for competition through participation in 4-H activities as part of the Iowa caucus. This was a response to an attempt to recognize participation ahead of winning or losing at 4-H events, and was perceived by party leaders as promoting socialism. So competition clearly exists. Exactly how competition motivates young people, however, is much less clear. According to some studies, competition among preteens enables them to compare their skills against the skills of their peers. Competition as a means of social comparison appears to help young people find their niches. As soon as this is established, they can refine and specialize their skills. Helping young people manage the competitive demands of their lives is difficult, but not impossible. Cox (see Practice Wisdom) offers helpful strategies for designing programs in which competition enhances development....

Latin American Insurgencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Latin American Insurgencies - Essay Example The Zapatista was trending vigorously and thus was demanding for reforms as the government had failed to deliver. The EZLN are mostly native poor farmers based union with an intellectual organization leadership from towns and cities, it is deeply entrenched in Mexico and spreads all over the penury affected areas of Chiapas in Mexico. An area highly populated by the Indian communities and eliminated from any entrepreneur development, where high numbers of households lacking water and electricity. The Zapatistas majorly demands for Democracy, freedom and justice from the government, as this three rights have been since deprived resulting into unfair treatment and corruption. The type of democracy Zapatistas visualize should be based in a concordance manner, direct and exercised in a free and fair process. Their aim of freedom is needed to enhance original sovereignty and facilitate self-discovery. Civil and economic justice is vital for the rebellious Zapatistas in order to secure respect for the local culture. According to Schulz & Wager, (1994), the Zapatistas was a succession of the very many bad and serious economic, political and social problems that had dominated, not only in Chiapas but also in remote areas of Mexico. This essay is going to study how the rebellious group influenced the defense forces and their impact on political development of Mexico and among its suburbs. The Zapatistas is less influenced by political matters as they feel that all leaders in their political parties are corrupt and cannot be trusted to support the welfare of their people. The election of leaders symbolizes no importance to Zapatistas and the rebellious benevolent group neither supports the self-sufficient heads nor the common leaders (Botz 2014). However, EZLN organizes lobbies around the country through preaching against corrupt leadership and against